降低日糧陽(yáng)離子-陰離子差值增加母豬血液和乳汁中鈣的濃度
發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司查看次數(shù)：10465
時(shí)間：2019-05-07
J Y Guo，T J Pasquetti，S W Kim
翻譯：劉素利
本研究旨在評(píng)估飼喂降低陽(yáng)離子-陰離子差值（DCAD）引起的酸化日糧對(duì)泌乳期母豬酸堿平衡、血液和乳汁及尿液鈣濃度的影響。試驗(yàn)選用30頭經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬（胎次：4.5±2.9）隨機(jī)分為兩組，CON組（對(duì)照組，玉米-豆粕型日糧，在妊娠后期和泌乳期DCAD值分別為170和226 mEq/kg）和ACI組（酸化日糧，比對(duì)照組DCAD值低100 mEq /kg）；低DCAD日糧是通過(guò)添加酸化礦物質(zhì)獲得的，DCAD值是作為mEq（Na + K – Cl）日糧計(jì)算的。在母豬妊娠94d到分娩階段每天飼喂2kg飼糧，泌乳期自由采食。檢測(cè)母豬血液和尿液中pH和鈣、血清常量礦物質(zhì)和生化指標(biāo)、鈣調(diào)節(jié)激素類以及乳汁組成成分。
試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與CON組比較：在泌乳1天，ACI組母豬血液pH顯著降低（P < 0.05）；在妊娠108天，泌乳1天、9天和18天，ACI組母豬尿液pH顯著降低（P < 0.05）；在泌乳1和18天，ACI組母豬血清總鈣濃度顯著升高（P < 0.05）；ACI組母豬初乳中鈣濃度顯著升高（P < 0.05）。泌乳期兩組間尿鈣濃度無(wú)顯著差異，在泌乳1和18天時(shí)，甲狀旁腺素和1,25-二羥膽鈣化醇濃度無(wú)顯著差異；泌乳18天時(shí)，兩組血清中堿性磷酸酶濃度相似（P = 0.086）。在泌乳1天時(shí)，ACI組母豬血清中Cl濃度顯著升高（P < 0.05）。兩組間母豬采食量、體重?fù)p失和產(chǎn)仔性能無(wú)差異。
總體而言，飼喂母豬低DCAD酸化日糧在分娩時(shí)能夠引起輕微的代謝性酸中毒，減少了尿液pH值，增加了泌乳期血清總鈣和初乳中鈣濃度，但是沒(méi)有改變母豬泌乳期甲狀旁腺素和1,25-二羥膽鈣化醇水平 。
Lowering dietary cation-anion difference increases sow blood and milk calcium concentrations
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding an acidogenic diet with a low dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on acid-base balance, blood, milk and urine Ca concentrations of sows during lactation. A total of 30 multiparous sows (parity: 4.5 ± 2.9, Smithfield Premium Genetic, Rose Hill, NC) were allotted to one of two dietary treatments: CON (control diets were corn-soybean meal based with a calculated DCAD of 170 and 226 mEq/kg during late gestation and lactation, respectively) or ACI (acidogenic diets had a DCAD 100 mEq/kg lower than the control diets). The lower DCAD was achieved by the addition of an acidogenic mineral. The DCAD was calculated as mEq (Na + K – Cl)/kg diet. Sows had a daily access to 2 kg feed from d 94 of gestation to parturition and ad libitum access to feed during lactation. Blood and urine pH and Ca, serum macrominerals, serum biochemistry, Ca-regulating hormones, and milk composition were measured. Sows in ACI had a lower (P < 0.05) blood pH than sows in CON at d 1 of lactation. Sows in ACI had a lower (P < 0.05) urine pH at d 108 of gestation, d 1, 9, and 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. Sows in ACI had greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of serum total Ca at d 1 and 18 of lactation than sows in CON. There was a greater (P < 0.05) concentration of colostrum Ca in ACI than in CON. There was no difference in urine Ca concentration between treatments during lactation. Concentrations of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were not different between treatments at either d 1 or 18 of lactation. Sows in ACI tended to have a smaller (P = 0.086) concentration of total alkaline phosphatase in serum at d 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. At d 1 of lactation, the concentration of serum Cl in ACI was greater (P < 0.05) than that in CON. Feed intake, BW loss, and litter performance were not different between treatments. Collectively, feeding an acidogenic diet with a low DCAD to sows can induce a mild metabolic acidosis at farrowing, reduce the urine pH consistently, and increase serum total Ca and colostrum Ca concentrations during lactation but without altering the parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels during lactation.
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